1. Alright, so you're attacking someone, 1 on 1 with them, and they screw up. You can kill them, but let's say you don't. One of 4 or so things could happen. A) you continue your conquest and beat them handily B) they suddenly make a comeback - be it a lucky outpost grab or good specialist - and defeat you C) other players see you attacking them and swoop in like vultures, grabbing some outposts you were going to get D) the vultures attack you, and you get crushed. Only 1 of those has the outcome you (radioactive lasers) wanted.
Also, in my game experience, unless you have a very large advantage over them, it's hard to take someone out 1vs1. And if you have that huge advantage and can steamroll them, it's probably best to kill them so they can't do anything weird and screw you over. IMO, kill them.
2. I'd save my allies. They're allies for a reason. However, I try not to live on the "harbouring a fugitive" game. Yes, I've had to do it on occasion, but I never give up specs for my survival (except to nojo that one time). I've had people offer it to me, and I've refused. I have offered an outpost to lay low at for other people, but never demanded specs in return. It just makes the game unfair for other people, because you get basically double hires every time. It makes it not fun.
TL;DR - kill them for fear of vultures, Harrison Ford doesn't get a home
Loki: I have an army!
Tony Stark: We have a
Discord.
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P.S. Those are actually 3 different links!